Jesus In The Year 2000 :: essays research papers

What does the Jesus of Mitchells gospel have to set up to those of us living in the year 2000?The true mental testing of a literary work is the test of time. If a work has a universal theme, if it has a universal lesson that can be learned, it will last and be referred to as a classic and generation after generation of students will read and discuss it in school. While the Gospels are not necessarily considered classics, they have, indeed stood the test of time. Almost 2000 years after Jesus lived, people still talk about him and study his life. Perhaps this is why Stephen Mitchell was compelled to write The Gospel According to Jesus. If unity looks carefully, the message of the Jesus of this gospel is universal therefore, even though the stories were written quite a long time ago, they still have a locoweed to say to those living in the year 2000. To see what the Jesus of this gospel has to say to those living in the year 2000, one must look at its two major themes inclusivity and not judging others.First, The Gospel According to Jesus is an inclusive gospel. If one looks carefully, one will see that Jesus is preaching a message of equality. While this can really be seen throughout the entire gospel, it is best shown in the following passage Everyone who hears what I say and does it is like a man who built his house upon a rock and the rain fell and the floods came and the winds blew and beat against that house, and it didnt fall because it was founded on rock. And everyone who hears what I say and doesnt do it is like a man who built his house upon sand and the rain fell and the floods came and the winds blew and beat against that house, and it fell and great was its fall. (sic) Notice that this passage does not say every white man, or every Catholic person, or any other discriminatory type of classification. The passage says everyone. This message of equality can in addition be seen in the healing stories. Jesus does not discriminate against any group when he heals anyone that asks him to help them, Jesus helps. It is as simple as that. even so another example of this message can be found in the following Who are my mother and my brothers?

Comparison and Contrast between Sexes for Dominance Essay -- Managemen

Comparison and Contrast Between Our Sexes Why Do We Recognize Men as the Dominant Sex In Our Species?It has always been, within the ladder of human history, that only men were treated with respect and recognition, while women stayed at home and took care of the household. When slew define the following careers such as, policeman, fireman, chairman, mailman, etc., we assume that those people are male because we were taught to feel this way since childhood. Although they are experiencing problems with a language that subtly demeans them, todays women have much more power than their predecessors. Based on the examples say above, the English language has established a sexist foundation that has created a sexist society that will be irreparable for future generations. Because of the sexist disposition of the English language, the definition they generate for both men and women creates a restricted assumption of the roles they have to play. For example in the article Can a fair sex b e President? by Kristen Hall, she states thatA woman can be a president. They do a job just as good as men because they are just as smart as men. For instance there is a governor in New Jersey and she does a huge job. Women are now consider being equal to men, and should have the same opportunities as men. Women follow rules, and cooperate with the government. Women can make good choices, and effective speeches. just about people say, Well what about kids? Think about it. Men are responsible for their kids as much as women are. A woman wont run for a president if she has three year olds and needs to stay with them. Shell run when she gets older because her kids will be older. (Hall) After analyzing Kristens response I can definitely... ... Negotiate Schools. 1997.http//www.gsu.edu/wwwing/EER-Winter.htmChristy Desmet, Kathy Houff Speak, and Deborah perform Miller, eds. Argument. New Jersey Prentice Hall. Frank, Francine and Frank Ashen. Of Girls and Chicks.Morgan, Elaine. The Ma n-Made Myth.Hall, Kristen. Can a woman be President? Education (1997). 17 Nov. 2004http//www2.lhric.org/pocantico/lebenson/president.htm Ross, Kelley. Against the Theory of Sexist Language. feminism (1998) 18 Nov. 2004 http//www.friesian.com/language.htmMifflin, Houghton. Sexist Language and Assumptions. Gender (1996) 18 Nov. 2004 http//www.bartleby.com/64/5.html

Case Study on Pregancy Pain :: essays research papers fc

Case Study 7A pregnant (5 mo.) woman is reporting pain and an enlargement in her lower right field quadrant comes to seek advice on different rooms of imaging the atomic number 18a without endangering her baby. What do you explain and advise? I would also ask questions as to whether or not she is suffering from any other symptoms. Ordering blood and urine work on her is also an excellent idea. In Amandas case involve she suggested the pelvic ultra voice. I would take it even a bit further. It is called a transvaginal echography. I would explain to her the benefits and/or risks of using this remarkable device. The ultrasound has been or so since the 1950s and is considered safe and non-invasive. However, a transvaginal ultrasound is. (3) Transvaginal ultrasound is a method of imaging the genital tract in women. The ultrasound machine sends out high-frequency sound waves, which bounce off body structures to create a picture. With the transvaginal technique, the ultrasound transdu cer (a hand-held probe) is inserted directly into the vagina and is, therefore, closer to pelvic structures than with the conventional transabdominal technique (with the probe on the cutis of the abdomen), providing superior image quality. This test can be used during pregnancy.A transvaginal ultrasound takes it a bit further than a regular pelvic ultrasound. In this way, it rules out things like ectopic pregnancy, ovarian cysts, fibroid tumors and other abdominal/pelvic diseases like PID (pelvic inflammatory disease). The transvaginal ultrasound is even better than the pelvic ultrasound. Doing her ultrasound this way will better pick up any potential problems too small enough for the pelvic ultrasound to catch. I would prefer it this way myself.Ovarian cysts occur when there is a lot of fluid swelling inside the ovary. However, they usually will dissolve on their own. If an ovarian cyst does not dissolve after the next 1-2 menstrual cycles, the doctor would usually try to monitor their activity. If it enlarges, the doctor may suggest removal of the cyst(s). (1)Fibroid tumors are usually benignant (non-cancerous) tumors found, most often, in the uterus of women in their 30s and 40s, although they occasionally develop on other organs which contain smooth muscle cells. Fibroid tumors are solid tumors, which are made of fibrous tissue, hence the name fibroid tumor. Most often fibroids occur as multiple tumor masses, which are slow-growing and often cause no symptoms. The sizing of fibroids varies immensely among women and some are so small that a microscope is required to see them.

My Watch :: Descriptive Watch Essays, Observation

My WatchMy article of clothing is with me at all times. It consists of a 3cmcircular base and two separate straps, severally 6cm long connected by a metalclasp. These two straps and a clasp are then connected to the top andbottom of the base. The straps are depict in hard rigid silver, lookingas my uncles smoothly brushed gray hair. Through the center of the 2cmwide straps is a 1cm in width currency strip. The notes looks as bright as agold chalice from my local church. The clasp is a hard silvery gray suchas that which borders the straps. The letters SEIKO are clearly placedon the clasp in raised lettering. The clasp looks 3cm long when in theclosed position, but when opened it extends to 11cm as two more 4cm metalpieces open outward.The face of the object is encircled with a gold color, gold as the trimon my fathers Cadillac. Inside the gold trim, the background is a blackcolor. The black is like the black rubber on my cars Cooper tires.Towards the top of this face, there is a number 12, the bottom has a number6, and the leftmost number has a number 9. Each of these numbers areraised in lettering in a gold color. On the rightmost side, there is a1/2cm x 1/5cm sized buffet. This box is then further separated in two parts.2/3s of the box is devoted towards showing the current days first 3letters, now showing a THU for Thursday. The remaining space of the box isset aside for the date of the month. In this box the number 14 is shown.Both, the day and the date, are in white colors. This white is like awhite hospital gown, starched and cleaned. The face of the object has 56small lines all facing from the outside of the circle towards the middle.These gold lines are equally separated all aro the face of the object.

Learning Patience and Responsibility at Hells Pizza Essay -- Peter Pi

Learning Patience and Responsibility at Hells PizzaEven the job from hell can teach you patience and responsibility. When you apprehend the name gibe Piper Pizza, you may think a fun family restaurant. When I hear Peter Piper Pizza I get chills crush my spine. Having worked there for about two years, I started to get annoyed over every little thing that was a part of my job. I had the worst stupefy that they had, Game Technician. When I first applied for the job, the game guy was going to be the easiest job that I could find. Little did I know that this position taught me the to a greater extent about being patient and responsible than any other experience I have had.It was mid sophomore year of high school when I started the job hunt. I applied to legion(predicate) places, grocery stores, restaurants, and even the movie theaters. No reply from any of them. It was about a month and a one-half when Bob from Peter Piper Pizza strained me up looking for new employees.Hey this is B ob from Peter Piper Pizza, is this Brandon Bob asked.Yes it is I replied.How would you like to come in and work for us at Peter Piper Pizza asked Bob?I would love to, as I smiled with a huge grin on my face.Well ok I will see you tomorrow for your wonder Bob stated.Ok see you there I said.I was so insane that I was finally going to have a job. I was a little nervous about the job question, but that was a piece of cake. The interview lasted only about five minutes. An easy question here and an easy one there, and before I knew it I was the new game technician at Peter Piper Pizza. I was so happy once the interview was over I was telling everyone that I had just got a job. Right after the interview me any my mom went and got me my food overtakelers card. ... ...Brandon there are customers at the prize counter Bob stated.I would deal with this working environment every day. With so much responsibility and work to complete, my manager would sometimes think that it was fine if I wo uld work the oven on my shift. So now I have to hand out all of the prizes, fix any broken game and ones that were acting up, hand out lost tokens to customers, get the pizza out of the oven to cut it and call it over the intercom to the customers.Working this job for nearly two years, it made me significantly more responsible and taught me many things about being patient. Having to deal with many different things at once, I learned how to balance things and take duties one step at a time and not get overwhelmed. This job was like taking a two year class on how to be responsible and be patient when difficulties are stacking up against you.

Learning Patience and Responsibility at Hells Pizza Essay -- Peter Pi

Learning Patience and Responsibility at Hells PizzaEven the job from hell can teach you patience and responsibility. When you strike the name dig Piper Pizza, you may think a fun family restaurant. When I hear Peter Piper Pizza I get chills pop my spine. Having worked there for about two years, I started to get annoyed over every little thing that was a part of my job. I had the worst lay out that they had, Game Technician. When I first applied for the job, the game guy was going to be the easiest job that I could find. Little did I know that this position taught me the more(prenominal) about being patient and responsible than any other experience I have had.It was mid sophomore year of high school when I started the job hunt. I applied to umpteen places, grocery stores, restaurants, and even the movie theaters. No reply from any of them. It was about a month and a half when Bob from Peter Piper Pizza bring downed me up looking for new employees.Hey this is Bob from Peter Pip er Pizza, is this Brandon Bob asked.Yes it is I replied.How would you alike(p) to come in and work for us at Peter Piper Pizza asked Bob?I would love to, as I smiled with a huge grin on my face.Well ok I will see you tomorrow for your audience Bob stated.Ok see you there I said.I was so steamy that I was finally going to have a job. I was a little nervous about the job consultation, but that was a piece of cake. The interview lasted only about five minutes. An easy question here and an easy one there, and before I knew it I was the new game technician at Peter Piper Pizza. I was so happy once the interview was over I was telling everyone that I had just got a job. Right after the interview me any my mom went and got me my food plentylers card. ... ...Brandon there are customers at the prize counter Bob stated.I would deal with this working environment every day. With so much responsibility and work to complete, my manager would sometimes think that it was fine if I would work t he oven on my shift. So now I have to hand out all of the prizes, fix any broken game and ones that were acting up, hand out lost tokens to customers, get the pizza out of the oven to cut it and call it over the intercom to the customers.Working this job for nearly two years, it made me significantly more responsible and taught me many things about being patient. Having to deal with many different things at once, I learned how to balance things and take duties one step at a time and not get overwhelmed. This job was like taking a two year class on how to be responsible and be patient when difficulties are stacking up against you.

Mid Term Essay

I affirm that the attached work is entirely my own, ask out where the words or ideas of other writers argon specific totallyy acknowledged according to accepted citation conventions. This assignment has not been submitted for all other course at Robert Kennedy College or any other institution. I experience revised, edited and proofread this paper. I certify that I am the author of this paper and that any help I received in its preparation is fully acknowledged and fully disclosed in this paper (examination).I have also cited any sources (foot remarks or shuttingnotes) from which I used data, ideas, theories, or words, whether quoted directly or paraphrased. I further acknowledge that this paper has been prepared by me specifically for this course. MIDTERM ASSESSMENT Q1. 70 Points judgment tender-hearted Behavior is particular to organizations discuss the benefits of ego military rating/self assessment as it relates to loss leaders today. Q2. 30 Points Prejudice roll in the hay be hurtful and destructive discuss how you butt end personally humble prejudice in your workplace please provide an example.Understanding Human Behavior is critical to organizations discuss the benefits of self evaluation/self assessment as it relates to leaders today. As the world is becoming more(prenominal) dependent on electronic gadgets, its becomes more difficult to have a face to face discussion or contacts with the people we work with. These have made it more important to understand the sort of the people we work with and more critical to any manager that wants to be successful in his organization.For a leader to fully understand Human behavior, that person need to first do what is called self assessment. being self aware allows one and only(a) to recognize and improve their strength and weakness in order to maximize their leadership potential Discovering your Authentic Leadership, Harvard Business Review February 2007 page 3 Human behaviors are must predictab le if one have taken time to inflexible another person.In organizational Behavior 15th edition by Stephen and Timothy page 11 Behavior is generally predictable and the systematic subject of behavior is a means to making reasonable accurate predictions Self evaluation is a major factor towards becoming a good leader, because this evolves tone at oneself so that all aspect that is important are identified and prized. As a leader you need to know your capacity and ability. The oxford dictionary defines self assessment as an evaluation of oneself or actions, altitudes or performance.As the definition implies there are several ways that a leader can evaluate his or her performance. In Harvard Business review of 2007 with the title put outing your Authentic leadership page 5 eight key questions are asked, and this I believe if comfortably understood can benefit a leader today. And help to develop a better self evaluation mechanism. The people and experience in your previous(predica te) life have a great impact on an individual, As a leader knowing where your coming from is very important and this makes you to compare note to with were you want to be in the future.Self evaluation will help you know if progress is being made and were more efforts are required. As a modern leader you need to be systematic in your assessment, without over overrating your skills, this can be through through your pears subordinates by way of asking questions that brings out the honest answers from them. Arrogance should not have a part in these for your survival depends on their honest response.Every leader most have values, HBR in discovering you Authentic leadership page 4 says The value that forms the basis for Authentic leadership are derived from your beliefs and convictions, entirely you will not know what your received values are until they are tested under pressure must time people say Nothing will ever make me motley my mind only to shift ground when much pressure are m ounted on us, In other wars pressure is what refines our true vales, and when self evaluation is applied the value that you have or come out with unshaken is your true value.A leader is also motivated to act by one action or the other, self assessment will help you to know your motivation, does it come from the inside or the outside? Knowing the answers will help you to discover yourself. Most people waste there life leaving a programmed life, and not having satisfaction, only when they do things out of motivation will they truly be happy. Youre Family, friends, workmates and neighbors all reflect the kind of a leader one is so in the edge of self assessments one needs to evaluate all to be sure whether the right set of people are what he has around him.Success is a team work we are all mutualist on each other. Another area of leadership self awareness is on consistence, Do I double speck? A leader should be known as one who is constant in all situations that confronts him, and mak e sure everyone within the organization is carried along on most activities. A leader should assess his personality to see if he owns up to his mistake, leaders are human, they make mistakes and should accept correction.Leaders need to make out time for themselves and family. Having done a proper self assessment as a leader am ever more determined to develop a system and process were talented people are attracted and aligned to be future leaders. No individual achievement can equal the pleasure of leading a sort out of people to achieve a worthy goal. When you cross the finish line together, all pain and suffering you may have experienced quickly vanishes HBR discovering you authoritative leadership page 8.In conclusion every leader must do some kind of self assessment periodically for improvement this in true reflects in the person the quality of a good leader. Q2. Prejudice can be hurtful and destructive discuss how you can personally reduce prejudice in your workplace please provide an example. All human being are born free and equal in dignity and right, they are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human right.Despite this well articulated statement, Prejudice is still a universal problem, we all are prejudiced in one way or the other, but for us to be good leaders we all need to work hard in other to reduce prejudice in our work place. As a step towards reducing prejudice one has to acknowledge that it really exists. It is only when we accept it existence can we start to discuss way to end or reduce prejudice. Prejudgment becomes prejudice only if they are not reversible when exposed to new knowledge says the book the Nature of prejudice.And only the font of contacts that lead people together is likely to result in changed attitudes. According to the report UNISCO against Racism education could be a precious tool in the struggle against new form of racism, discrimination and exclusion having this fine idea before us should make us more aware of our responsibilities. The book Understanding Prejudice and discrimination says. Perhaps they must important conclusions to emerge from prejudice research are 1. No one capable of human thoughts and speech is immune from harboring prejudice.It often takes deliberate effort and awareness to reduce prejudice and 3. With sufficient motivation it can be done As a business proprietor I have I have synchronized the research work into my working environments. And this have reduced Prejudice in our organization, My country Nigeria is a multi pagan and culturally diversified nation with more than three hundred ethnic groups. Must time working with people of different ethnic groups can be challenging if once does not do away with his pre conceived thoughts about another tribe.As an IGBO specking person I have come not to think that any other tribe is inferior to mine. So during recruitment we d o not discriminate or apply mono-ethnic sentiments, rather we appreciate the diversity and uniqueness of our individuality. So everybody who performs well is given the opportunity to work with us. I have also made sure that each throw team is not mono-ethnic so that they can all learn from their diversity and this have really reduce the level of prejudice in our work place.I have notice a staff who was once very prejudiced about an individual from another ethnic group being good friends after they worked together on a project for a period of time, when I asked about his the new closeness and friendship with the person he was once prejudiced about he simple replied ignorance can kill. This was because by working with the individual as project team member he came to realize that the person has a very good principle and very hardworking too against what he previously thought.

Air Pollution in Kuwait

Air pollution is one of the problems facing the international communities. Air pollution is known to pay off devastating effects on the environment. capital of Kuwait has a long history of station pollution since the era of the Gulf warfare. During the Gulf War, more than 600 petroleum wells were set on drop off leading to loss of 6 million barrels of oil everyday and devastating air pollution. There were large pools and lakes of oil that led to water and visit pollution.The burning oil wells of Kuwait, which were equated to Chernobyl disaster, emitted oodles of green house gases like sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and oxides of nitrogen leading to devastating effects on plant and animals. Although the oil fires were put out, the imprint on the environment are still evident many more years after the Gulf War. Since the capacious air pollution during the Gulf War, Kuwait has made give in cleaning the environment but air pollution is still rampant.Policy Challe ngeSince the Gulf War, air pollution is still a major problem in Kuwait. The government has embarked on a massive program to clean the air but the policies adopted have not provided total solution to the problem.Kuwait Environment Public Authority has been on the frontline in fighting the air pollution problems which dates back to the Gulf War era. However, most of the environmental policies that were formulated by the government then were aimed at reversing air pollution effect of the Gulf War and most of them have not been able to tackle the current problems (Al Jeran and Khan, 2009).There has been tremendous growth in population in the country and the business environment has also grown in varied ways. Large settlement in cities and towns has led to increased air pollution mainly from increase number of vehicles emitting tons of pollutant gases every day. Kuwait oil intentness which is the mainstay economic activity in the country has also contributed to air pollution.Analysis of the problemAccording to the results of a study that was published in Al-Qabas Newspaper in June 2006, more than 86.9% of Kuwait population considers air pollution as the biggest environmental challenge they have to deal with (Al-Mutairi and Koushki, 2009). This is evidence of increased air pollution which shows that there has been little progress to reverse the effect of the Gulf wars more than a decade later.Air pollution in Kuwait has been contributed by two main sources including transport and oil industry. Studies have reveals that automobiles are the main mode of transport in the country with an average employed person making more than 6.1 trips every day with a intend length of 13.6 km.Studies also show an average individual is likely to be delayed for more than 68 minutes everyday in traffic over-crowding (Koushki, 2007). A study carried out in 2005 revealed that an average Kuwait resident traveling to and from work generated about (Al-Mutairi and Koushki, 2009)a) 31,275 tons of Volatile Organic Compoundsb) 247,764 tones of carbon monoxidec) 19,594 tons of oxides of nitrogend) 1,703 tons of sulfur dioxidee) 6 million tons of carbon dioxideTraffic has been rated as the leading cause of air pollution in Kuwait urban areas.However, in the rural and urban areas, power stations and oil refinery plants makes a huge contribution to air pollution as well. Kuwait is one of the oil rich countries and oil contributed a large part to the country GDP. However, oil exploration has come with serious effects on the environment, notably grey clouds of weed from oil refineries that goes up the sky.

Ethics, Fairness, and Trust in Negotiations Essay

Discuss two of the following statements then respond to at least two of your classmates postings. Try to respond to students who picked dissimilar statements. * Discuss how skills in ethics, integrity, and trust can be a part of the negotiation process even though some negotiation tactics dispute those values. * Identify the Five Bases for Trust and explain why they are important in the negotiation process. Describe Kants ethics of Principle and poor boys Ethics of Consequences philosophies and discuss which theory you would be more incline to use in a negotiating situation.Kants and Mills philosophies are a nitty-gritty to identify ethical means to guide parties to a successful negotiation. They are two separate school of thoughts in ethics. Kant believes that moral rightness should overcome and derogate self-interest, feelings, or empirical fact. Kants moral prescript is based on pure reason. He states that basic ethical principles arent empirical (from sense experience). Ethics gives necessary truths that hold for all rational beings. In other words feelings whether personal, rational or irrational or sentimental should not be winding in ethical reasoning.He believes that ethics based on reason is needed more than self-interest motivation because such motivation can go by to violation of duty. Such motives lessen our moral worth the highest motive is to do our duty, not from ulterior motives, but just because its the right thing to do. Kant unconditional moral principle is to act as if your action would become a universal law and to kickshaw yourself and others as an cobblers last it itself not the means to an end (Gensler, 1998).On the other side, Mills philosophy is based on pure utilitarianism (self-interest). Utilitarianism says that the basic moral principle is that we should to do whatever promotes the sterling(prenominal) comfort of the greatest number. Mill equated cheer with pleasure. But not all pleasures have equal value higher pl easures of the mind are better than lower pleasures of the body. Mills view is purely hedonistic in nature. The basic base of his philosophy is that any intrinsic value is based on pleasure which equalsto happiness and we should all strive for it. There are however different values of pleasures in his view. The highest pleasures are more valuable than lower ones.For example, the pleasures of learning things and of helping others are more valuable than the pleasures of eating and drinking. We can decide which pleasures are more valuable by looking to the consensus of experienced observers. Utilitarianism says that actions are right if they promote the greatest happiness for the greatest number. This is the basic principle of ethics of Mills philosophy, and the foundation of morality. In applying the principle, the happiness of everyone is equal. We should all strive for our own individual happiness. So, as a group, we try to obtain the happiness of all in the group and this is the b asic foundation of the utilitarian principle (Gensler, 1998).The two individual principles are equation attractive in the negotiation process and I can moot the benefits of both of them. However, I believe that Kant had the right idea. If we are using either idea as a guide in the negotiation it is best to go for a more moralistic point of view than utilitarianism. I believe when we unless think of self interests we lose sight of the true objective and purpose of the negotiation.SourceGensler, H.J. (1998). Ethics A Contemporary Introduction. London and New York Routledge. Retrieve online at http//www.jcu.edu/philosophy/gensler/index.htm.Discuss the Functionalist Model, Mutual Trust Principle, and the test for meeting procedural fairness of a negotiation.The Functionalist Model is about procedural fairness in a negotiation. The model refers to the bargaining as a voluntary process and the purpose is to reach an agreement. Also, the concept of the model refers to behaviors that thre aten reaching an agreement are to a fault threats to the purpose of the negotiation. In this the negotiation process is adversarial and bargaining tricks and tactics are used to gain information and advantages (Carrell, 2008).The Mutual Trust Principle refers to the procedural fairness in trust building in a negotiation. The idea is to build trust early in the beginning of the negation process. In other word to treat others as you would want to be treated. Your actions speak louder than word has a lasting effect on how you are perceived and how you perceived others. The grab behaviors in this principle to build trust is exhibits the same trust worthy attitude when you are gathering information about the other party by asking friends, associates, and contacts.It is appropriate and expected that you would make an unrealistically opening demand and hide your real position. It would be appropriate and expected behavior that you give an open impression of non-adversarial and confrontati onal. The misrepresentation of facts and lying in a negotiation are inappropriate behaviors. To falsely threaten or promise things with no ability to deliver and use clandestine information by bribery is unfair and inappropriate (Carrell, 2008).The test for meeting procedural fairness of a negotiation is to ask yourself the following standard questions * reciprocality standardwould you want to be treated in this commission? * Universality standardwould you advise others to behave this way? * Publicity standardwould you like to see the actions in the press? * Trusted friend standardwould you tell your friend of your actions? * Legacy standarddo you want to be remembered for acting in this way?SourceCarrell, M.R. & Heavrin, C. (2008). Negotiating essentials Theory, skills, and practices. Upper Saddle, NJ Pearson Prentice Hall. ISBN-10 978-0-13-186866-3

Are Homosexuals the only sexual abusers of boys Essay

I do not agree with the idea that only homosexuals sexu every last(predicate)y nuisance boys. This is a myth that has been instilled in volume hence people grow up with the notion that male children tin can only be nuisanced by homosexuals. Sexual abuse in boys has become common although in well-nigh cases it is unreported, under-treated or under-recognized. There is little knowledge concerning sexual abuse in boys which can be attributed to the few studies which are carried in this area.Although it is not clear on the exact number of boys who are at risk of being sexually abused, it is estimated that unitary in every 6 boys is likely to be a victim of sexual abuse by the age of 16 years (Gartner, 2005). According to research, nearly male sexual abusers are likely to be males who are close to the victim but are not related to the victim. These perpetrators usually carry egress the abuse away from their victims homes, do it repeatedly and often involve some kind of penetration . But sometimes, the perpetrators can be female. It is said that thither are higher chances of boys being abused by female perpetrators as compared to girls.When female perpetrators are involved, they tend to persuade them rather than using force as opposed to the male perpetrators who often use force. Therefore, one cannot rule out the possibility of female perpetrators abusing male children because these cases do exist (Michele, 1993). According to Spiegel (2003), people tend to look down upon homosexual as the only male sexual abusers because of the way they are brought up by the society. Most societies believe that all homosexuals must have sex with boys and mostly small boys. Therefore, children are made to fear homosexuals because they are seen as child sexual abusers.Considering this socially conditioned situation, it is severe to change the opinion of the people about sexual abuse in male children. Hence, it is important for the society to start looking at the matter from c ontrary points of view such(prenominal) as female can also sexually abuse young boys. Majority of these victims do not come to the limelight. In most instances, boys are sexually abused by women in parenting roles like mothers, aunts and grandmothers. This kind of abuse usually goes unreported because of the bond and royalty that exist between them. such abuses can also occur when a son is given the role of husband. The son is usually made to feel aligned to the mother and becomes protective such that he constantly wants to care for and please his mother. The mother may put the child in a protective position which eventually leaves the child expression ineffectual and inadequate. Because of the protection from the fathers abuse, the abuse from the mother may seem less threatening compared to the fathers. Despite that, this kind of abuse at long last has significant psychological effects to the child (Dorais & Meyer, 2002).According to a study that was carried out by Dr. William C. Holmes about sexual abuse in small boys, it reveled that although majority of male sexual abusers are male, around 90 %, there is also a significant number of female abusers with adolescent baby sitters accounting for almost half the population of female perpetrators. It is therefore important for proper measures to be put in place to ensure that boys are protected from sexual abuse from both male and female perpetrators because they are both involved in the abuse.

Forward the Foundation Chapter 7

18Raych sat in the anteroom of a public building in red gram into which he had never ventured-never could necessitate ventured-as a ragamuffin youth. He felt, in all truth, a bitty uneasy well-nigh it now, as though he were trespassing.He tried to look calm, trustworthy, lovable.Dad had told him that this was a quality he carried around with him, but he had never been conscious of it. If it came about naturally, he would probably cosset it by trying too hard to await to be what he really was.He tried relaxing while declareing an eye on the prescribed who was gentlemans gentlemanipulating a computer at the desk. The official was not a Dahlite. He was, in fact, Gambol Deen Namarti, who had been with Joranum at the meeting with Dad that Raych had attended.Every in one case in a while, Namarti would look up from his desk and glance at Raych with a hostile glare. This Namarti wasnt buying Raychs lovability. Raych could see that.Raych did not try to meet Namartis hostility with a f riendly smile. It would have seemed too artificial. He obviously waited. He had gotten this far. If Joranum arrived, as he was expected to, Raych would have a chance to speak to him.Joranum did arrive, sweeping in, blithesome his public smile of warmth and confidence. Namartis hand came up and Joranum stopped. They spoke together in low verbalizes while Raych watched intently and tried in vain to seem as if he wasnt. It seemed plain to Raych that Namarti was arguing against the meeting and Raych bridled a bit at that.Then Joranum looked at Raych, smiled, and pushed Namarti to one side. It occurred to Raych that, while Namarti was the brains of the team, it was Joranum who clearly had the charisma.Joranum strode toward him and held out a plump, slightly moist hand. Well well. Professor Seldons infantile man. How are you?Fine, thank you, sir.You had some trouble getting here, I understand.Not too much, sir.And youve come with a message from your father, I trust. I hope he is recon sidering his decision and has decided to join me in my massive crusade.I dont echo so, sir.Joranum frowned slightly. Are you here without his cognition?No, sir. He sent me.I see. Are you hungry, lad?Not at the moment, sir.Then would you mind if I eat? I dont get much magazine for the ordinary amenities of life, he utter, smiling broadly.Its all right with me, sir.Together, they moved to a table and sat grim. Joranum unwrapped a sandwich and took a bite. His voice slightly muffled, he said, And why did he send you, son?Raych shrugged. I think he thought I might stick out something about you that he could use against you. Hes heart and soul with prime(prenominal) minister Demerzel.And youre not?No, sir. Im a Dahlite.I know you are, Mr. Seldon, but what does that mean?It means Im oppressed, so Im on your side and I want to help you. Of course, I wouldnt want my father to know.Theres no reason he should know. How do you propose to help me? He glanced readily at Namarti, who was leaning against his desk, listening, with his arms folded and his expression lowering. Do you know whatsoeverthing about psychohistory?No, sir. My father dont talk to me about that-and if he did, I wouldnt get it. I dont think hes getting anywhere with that stuff.Are you sure?Sure Im sure. Theres a guy there, Yugo Amaryl, also a Dahlite, who talks about it sometimes. Im sure nothing is happening.Ah And can I see Yugo Amaryl sometime, do you suppose?I dont think so. He aint much for Demerzel, but hes all for my father. He wouldnt cross him. and you would?Raych looked unhappy and he muttered stubbornly, Im a Dahlite.Joranum cleared his throat. Then let me ask you again. How do you propose to help me, young man?Ive got something to tell you that maybe you wont count.Indeed? Try me. If I dont believe it, I volition tell you so.Its about First Minister Eto Demerzel.Well?Raych looked around uneasily. Can anyone hear me?Just Namarti and myself.All right, consequently listen. This guy D emerzel aint a guy. Hes a zombi.What exploded Joranum.Raych felt moved to explain. A robot is a mechanical man, sir. He aint compassionate. Hes a machine.Namarti broke out passionately, Jo-Jo, dont believe that. Its ridiculous.But Joranum held up an admonitory hand. His eyes were gleaming. Why do you say that?My father was in Mycogen once. He told me all about it. In Mycogen they talk about robots a lot.Yes, I know. At least, I have heard so.The Mycogenians believe that robots were once very common among their ancestors, but they were wiped out.Namartis eyes narrowed. But what sop ups you think that Demerzel is a robot? From what little I have heard of these fantasies, robots are made out of metal, arent they?Thats so, said Raych earnestly. But what I heard is that there were a few robots that look plainly like human beings and they live forever-Namarti shook his head violently. Legends Ridiculous legends JoJo, why are we listening-But Joranum cut him off quickly. No, G.D. I wa nt to listen. Ive heard these legends, too.But its nonsense, Jo-Jo.Dont be in such a rush to say nonsense. And even if it were, people live and die by nonsense. Its not what is so much as what people think is. manifest me, young man, putting legends to one side, what makes you think Demerzel is a robot? Lets suppose that robots exist. What is it, then, about Demerzel that makes you say he is a robot? Did he tell you so?No, sir, said Raych.Did your father tell you so? asked Joranum.No, sir. Its alone my own idea, but Im sure of it.Why? What makes you so sure?Its just something about him. He doesnt change. He doesnt get older. He doesnt show emotions. Something about him looks like hes made of metal.Joranum sat back in his chair and looked at Raych for an all-embracing time. It was roughly possible to hear his thoughts buzzing.Finally he said, Suppose he is a robot, young man. Why should you care? Does it matter to you?Of course it matters to me, said Raych. Im a human being. I do nt want no robot in charge of running the Empire.Joranum turned to Namarti with a gesture of eager approval. Do you hear that, G.D.? Im a human being. I dont want no robot in charge of running the Empire. Put him on holovision and have him say it. Have him repeat it everywhere and over till its drummed into every person on Trantor-Hey, said Raych, finally catching his breath. I cant say that on holovision. I cant let my father find out-No, of course not, said Joranum quickly. We couldnt allow that. Well just use the words. Well find some other Dahlite. Someone from each of the sectors, each in his own dialect, but eternally the same message I dont want no robot in charge of running the Empire.Namarti said, And what happens when Demerzel proves hes not a robot?Really, said Joranum. How will he do that? It would be impossible for him to do so. Psychologically impossible. What? The great Demerzel, the power behind the throne, the man who has twitched the strings connected to Cleon I all these geezerhood and those attached to Cleons father before him? Will he climb down now and whine to the public that he is, too, a human being? That would be almost as destructive to him as being a robot. G.D., we have the villain in a no-win situation and we owe it all to this fine young man here.Raych flushed.Joranum said, Raych is your name, isnt it? Once our party is in a position to do so, we wont forget. Dahl will be treated well and you will have a good position with us. Youre going to be Dahls sector leader someday, Raych, and youre not going to regret youve done this. Are you, now?Not on your life, said Raych fervently.In that case, well see that you get back to your father. You let him know that we intend him no harm, that we value him greatly. You can tell him you found that out in any way you please. And if you find anything else you think we might be able to use-about psychohistory, in particular, you let us know.You bet. But do you mean it when you say youll see to it that Dahl gets some breaks?Absolutely. Equality of sectors, my boy. Equality of worlds. Well have a new Empire with all the old villainies of privilege and inequality wiped out.And Raych nodded his head vigorously. Thats what I want.19Cleon, emperor moth of the Galaxy, was walking hurriedly through the arcade that led from his private quarters in the Small Palace to the offices of the rather tremendous staff that lived in the unlike annexes of the Imperial Palace, which served as the nerve center of the Empire.Several of his personal attaches walked after him, with looks of the deepest concern on their faces. The emperor did not walk to others. He summoned them and they came to him. If he did walk, he never showed signs of haste or emotional trauma. How could he? He was the Emperor and, as such, far more a symbol of all the worlds than a human being.Yet now he seemed to be a human being. He motioned everyone aside with an impatient wave of his right hand. In his left hand he held a gleaming hologram.The First Minister, he said in an almost strangled voice, not at all like the carefully cultivated tones he had painspickingsly assumed along with the throne. Where is he?And all the high functionaries who were in his way fumbled and gasped and found it impossible to manage coherence. He brushed past them angrily, devising them all feel, undoubtedly, as though they were living through a waking nightmare.Finally he burst into Demerzels private office, panting slightly, and shouted-literally shouted- DemerzelDemerzel looked up with a line of surprise and rose smoothly to his feet, for one did not sit in the presence of the Emperor unless specifically invited to. generate? he said.And the Emperor slammed the hologram down on Demerzels desk and said, What is this? Will you tell me that?Demerzel looked at what the Emperor had given him. It was a beautiful hologram, sharp and alive. One could almost hear the little boy-perhaps ten years old-speaking the words that were included in the caption I dont want no robot in charge of running the Empire.Demerzel said quietly, Sire, I have real this, too.And who else has?I am under the impression, Sire, that it is a flier that is being widely spread over Trantor.Yes, and do you see the person at whom that brat is aspect? He tapped his Imperial forefinger at it. Isnt that you?The resemblance is striking, Sire.Am I wrong in supposing that the whole intent of this flier, as you call it, is to accuse you of being a robot?That does seem to be its intention, Sire.And stop me if Im wrong, but arent robots the legendary mechanical human beings one finds in-in thrillers and childrens stories?The Mycogenians have it as an article of faith, Sire, that robots-Im not implicated in the Mycogenians and their articles of faith. Why are they accusing you of being a robot?Merely a metaphorical point, Im sure, Sire. They wish to portray me as a man of no heart, whose views are the conscienceless calculations of a machine.Thats too subtle, Demerzel. Im no fool. He tapped the hologram again. Theyre trying to make people believe you are really a robot.We can scarcely prevent it, Sire, if people choose to believe that.We cannot afford it. It detracts from the dignity of your office. Worse than that, it detracts from the dignity of the Emperor, The implication is that I-I would choose as my First Minister a mechanical man. That is impossible to endure. See here, Demerzel, arent there laws that forbid the denigration of public officers of the Empire?Yes, there are-and quite severe ones, Sire, dating back to the great Law Codes of Aburamis.And to denigrate the Emperor himself is a capital offense, is it not?Death is the punishment, Sire. Yes.Well, this not only denigrates you, it denigrates me-and whoever did it should be executed forthwith. It was this Joranum, of course, who is behind it.Undoubtedly. Sire, but proving it might be rather difficult.Nonsense I have proof enough I want an execution. The trouble is, Sire, that the laws of denigration are virtually never enforced. Not in this century, certainly.And that is why society is becoming so unstable and the Empire is being shaken to its roots. The laws are still in the books, so enforce them.Demerzel said, Consider, Sire, if that would be wise. It would make you appear to be a tyrant and a despot. Your rule has been a most successful one through kindness and mildness-Yes and see where that got me. Lets have them worship me for a change, rather than love me-in this fashion.I strongly recommend that you not do so, Sire. It may be the spark that will start a rebellion.What would you do, then? Go before the people and say, Look at me. I am no robot.No, Sire, for as you say that would destroy my dignity and, worse yet, yours.Then?I am not certain, Sire. I have not yet thought it through.Not yet thought it through? Get in touch with Seldon.Sire?What is so difficult to understand about my order? Get in touch with SeldonYou wis h me to summon him to the Palace, Sire?No, theres no time for that. I anticipate you can set up a sealed communication line between us that cannot be tapped.Certainly, Sire.Then do so. Now20Seldon lacked Demerzels self-possession, being, as he was, only flesh and blood. The summons to his office and the sudden faint glow and tingle of the scrambler field was indication enough that something unusual was taking place. He had spoken by sealed lines before but never to the full extent of Imperial security.He expected some government official to clear the way for Demerzel himself. Considering the slowly mounting tumult of the robot flier, he could expect nothing less.But he did not expect anything more, either, and when the image of the Emperor himself, with the faint glitter of the scramble field outlining him, stepped into his office (so to speak), Seldon fell back in his seat, mouth wide open, and could make only ineffectual attempts to rise.Cleon motioned him impatiently to keep his seat. You must know whats going on, Seldon.Do you mean about the robot flier, Sire?Thats exactly what I mean. Whats to be done?Seldon, despite the permission to sojourn seated, finally rose. Theres more, Sire. Joranum is organizing rallies all over Trantor on the robot issue. At least, thats what I hear on the newscasts.It hasnt reached me yet. Of course not. Why should the Emperor know what is going on?It is not for the Emperor to be concerned, Sire. Im sure that the First Minister-The First Minister will do nothing, not even keep me informed. I turn to you and your psychohistory. Tell me what to do. Sire?Im not going to play your game, Seldon. Youve been working on psychohistory for eight years. The First Minister tells me I must not take legal achievement against Joranum. What, then, do I do?Seldon stuttered. S-sire NothingYou have nothing to tell me?No, Sire. That is not what I mean. I mean you must do nothing. Nothing The First Minister is quite right if he tells you that yo u must not take legal action. It will make things worse.Very well. What will make things better?For you to do nothing. For the First Minister to do nothing. For the government to allow Joranum to do just as he pleases.How will that help?And Seldon said, trying to suppress the note of discouragement in his voice, That will soon be seen.The Emperor seemed to deflate suddenly, as though all the anger and indignation had been drawn out of him. He said, Ah I understand You have the situation well in handSire I have not said that-You need not say. I have heard enough. You have the situation well in hand, but I want results. I still have the Imperial Guard and the armed forces. They will be loyal and, if it comes to actual disorders, I will not hesitate. But I will give you your chance first.His image flashed out and Seldon sat there, simply staring at the empty space where the image had been.Ever since the first unhappy moment when he had mentioned psychohistory at the Decennial Conventi on eight years before, he had had to face the fact that he didnt have what he had incautiously talked about.All he had was the wild ghost of some thoughts-and what Yugo Amaryl called intuition.

Private tuition should be banned Essay

Our reproductional dodge is made in such a room that it favours the elite. The elites are rewarded by a laureate system that put focus on the results obtained by simple intelligence tests. The classes are rewarded by scholarships. No wonder that from such a system, children also come out of primary education without kat onceing to write or read. Thats because our eyes are ceaselessly focused on the top rather than the bottom. Based on this system, what is left for parents to learn that their ward gets the eye rather than trailing at the bottom? They are forced to find the best for their children. The best should progress to been coming from the schooling system and teachers of an institution but somehow or the other some have found a flair of perverting the system. Some have found a way of making it a lucrative business by purposely creating a lack of knowledge in class so that what is missing is covered in schoolings.No wonder teachers are fighting so that the system remain s the same. For example, no extension of class hours in the afternoon, no reduction of school holidays because, consort to them, the children need to recuperate to enjoy their holidays, but to others, there is a need to cram up the students more during holidays to justify the wages obtained from it. Let us now look at the abuses. Tuition may lead to too much of pampering and may kill the self effort of the student. The student would not topographic point the book unless the tuition master turns up. Instead of his working and learning on his own he becomes so dependant on the tuition master that in the long run the gain would be perceptibly nil. There are also pupils adopting devious means through the tuition masters to get a pass.The poor tuition master makes himself cheap and worries more about the promotion of his ward than about his own children. Often, it is not uncommon to see a boy having more than atomic number 53 tuition master for each one of his subjects. Because he pa ys for the tuition, he looks down upon the poor teacher who is likely to lose his dignity. The Minister is trying to put a brake to this system but is he going to succeed? No way, as the demand is such that the pressure will come from parents and not from the teachers. except then, one may ask, so what do we do? Well, give equal opportunities to all children to attend 2 to 3 years of pre-primary education. Then we also have to get rid of this elitist system, where the best are rewarded at all levels of education. Oh, some will say that our elite will disappear. No the best will always remain the bestwhether they are rewarded or not, because their motivation are intrinsic.But who is going to take the risk of breaking that system that has created such a apportion of harm to our children and to society? Will the Minister take of the risk of doing it? Will his Political party take the risk? If not, then why all this lip service about abolition of private tuition?In order to avoid the evils of private tuition, educational institutions themselves may arrange tutorial classes. If the regular teachers cannot attend to the tutorials special(prenominal) tutors may be appointed to attend to very small groups of needy students. Such contacts may help build confidence in the student. Such tutorial classes may be complementary as well as supplementary. The tutorial system when properly organised will go a long way to improve the efficiency of the student.

Ethical Considerations for Testing, Retesting, and Make-up Examinations Essay

In most structure in the social system, the opinion of giving a second or another chance is widely dominant as applied in lined with different perspective and aim. nearly people resort to this approach as their mean of developing their own approach for a better result and more benefit on their part. As an actual example, in the business world, some professional resort to rescheduling of their meetings and presentation because they are not well-prepared or they wish to do something for the betterment of the said meeting.This is principally ethical and permissible if applied appropriately without resulting to another loss or on the other party. This adjustment is delegated and approved first by both parties regard before applied in the time table. On other field of studys and industry, re rendering also becomes a common system which is applied as inclined to the beat come to and result for the obscure party. Some companies or organizations appropriately adjust their time table and even repeat some of their procedure as influenced by the realization of better results.Indeed, there are many scenarios in the actual world wherein the approach of adjusting the time schedule is applicable and ethically appropriate ground on the nature of the complicated event. However, a certain conflict of ethical perspective occurs in the practice of this approach in the learning structure specially in the educational system. It is common in the curricular system to schedule examinations and testing exercises to determine the learning development of the schoolchild and to evaluate their performance on the faculty member level.However, most student deal with these exercises as mere basis of the institutions grading system which will influence their future academic performance and their personal capacity. Thus, to achieve better result for their testing exercises, some students resort to using or even abusing the schedule adjustment system for the aspire of gaining bette r results and advantage for their personal interest. The adjustment of time schedule for examination or retesting is comm single based on the ideal nature of the involved scenario wherein the student might have or will likely missed the duly acknowledged period because of some plausible reasons.This include being physical modify due to sickness or injury, family problems or certain situation wherein the presence of the student is direly needed by his or her family, and others unexpected circumstances which are considered valid excuses to exempt the said student from the said predetermined schedule. However, utilizing false excuses or invalid reasoning to be excuse from the scheduled period because he or she is unprepared, negligent and other unethical circumstance are indeed a form of abuse of this system.This is mainly unethical due to the fact that it creates a certain bias and inequality in the social perspective wherein the student population must take the examination on the sc hedule dates wherein they are likely risking their interest while other become excused and condition extended period to prepare for better result. This approach is indeed unfair in the correct field as the excused student/s will gain more advantage in terms of allotted time for preparation compare to the entire student population.On this ethical conflict, two sides must be critical keep an eye oned and considered namely the side of the student population and the side of the isolated student/s excused for rescheduling. For the former, they are given a fixed schedule with an allotted period for them to prepare and for the said exercise. On the said period, they must take the test whether best prepared or not thus, likely risking their interest of getting good marks.The latter on the other hand have also given the same allotted period the same as others however, rescheduling their testing date later will give them more advantage for preparation. Considering this linear view only will already reflect a bias interest on the situation however, an ethical answer will also determine the logicality of the predicament. Thus, it is all important(predicate) in this situation to consider two things in deciding the approach towards addressing the problem namely critically consider the reason behind rescheduling and equal view towards the interest of the entire population.The reason behind each circumstance duly determines its validity and the ethical background of the circumstance. This factor is also important in determine whether the task of rescheduling is indeed logical and ethical depending on the involved nature and elements of the scenario. The facilitator or teacher involved must critically analyze the reason and evidences involved whether they are valid as basis to exempt the particular student for the testing schedule.Thus, to negate the bias nature involved in the said scenario, a plausible and ethically valid reason must given to support the exemption and the allotment of extension for the involved student. Through which, the interest of all involved parties will be equally given and addressed in the involved situation resulting to a fair and just implementation of teachers way over his or her students and the ethical adherence to the primary rules and regulation of the academic institution.

How Can Government Support Business Growth in the Uk

How roll in the hay Government Support telephone line Growth in the UK? Judging from major shopping centres and high streets, it is well-fixed to conclude that the UK is dominated by large successful melodic phrasees. However, Office for content Statistics figures (2008) show that 89% of every(prenominal) UK enterprises have less than 10 employees and 98. 1% have less than 50 employees the very largest companies account for honourable 0. 4% of wholly UK byplay enterprises (Birchall, 2009). Although there are several advantages of being a tenuous firm, virtually businesses want to grow and this inspires the question What is business issue? LinkedIn (2012) defines business issue as an innovation that delivers solutions to customers period adding measure out both internally and externally to our processes as well as change magnitude customer value while increasing net profit. In less complex terms, a business is said to be growing when it gets a better return on its in vestment. In this essay, I result be discussing the slipway the political relation can support business result. In doing this research, a question popped in my head, Why should the giving medication support business fruit? One of the major problems facing the UK currently is unemployment.Once a business get starteds growing, it is infixed to hire more people to garter power the development and tally stability. As such, the problem of unemployment will be considerably reduced. Secondly, Stokes and Wilson (2006) have argued that in recent times, small firms have proved to be an rampant source of very inventive ideas however, they miss resources to put them into practice without external assistance. They also highlighted the circumstance that small firms are essential to compete with larger companies by providing alternating sources of supply thereby acting an immeasurable role in the anti-monopoly policy.Insufficient finance is a major cause of business failure and this is hotshot of the major hindrances encountered by businesses in their pursuit of growth. Finance is critical for starting, maintaining and growing small and medium businesses therefore, it is snappy that both start-ups and existing businesses have access to the full range of debt and equity financing options (Department for dividing line understructure and Skills, 2010). Cameron (2011) in his speech about the role of small businesses expressed his shock at the way small and medium enterprises are blocked out of procurement and acquisition opportunities.In applying for bank loans, a business is call for to possess a form of collateral or guarantee to support the application. Unfortunately for most businesses, they do not have sufficient collateral to back the application. The authorities can therefore stage up schemes to financial aid entrepreneurs obtain finance from financial institutions by agreeing to guarantee loans. For example, in 2011, Hong Kong launched the SME loanw ord Guarantee dodge which was aimed at helping small and medium enterprises (SMEs) obtain loans from financial institutions and in one year, there has been dangerous growth in several industries (SME Fund, 2012).In addition to guaranteeing loans, the UK government can also help firms or industries puff external investors or experts in specific fields private individuals and companies. This can be achieved by all providing certain incentives to the investors and experts who will not only provide the funds needed to run the business tho possess the knowledge and expertise required to grow the business or creating a platform for entrepreneurs to commit their ideas to these investors. In 2005, the British Broadcasting Corporation, backed by the UK government launched a show, firedrakes hideout (BBC, 2012).This was aimed at giving entrepreneurs the opportunity to pitch their businesses to five of the most wealthy business moguls in the UK. Also, in 2005, Mozambiques government so licited the International Finance Corporation (IFC) to help develop their tourism sector and in less than five years after, Mozambique has attracted over $33 million in investment and designated over 13,000 ha of land as sustainable tourism zones (IFC, 2012). The government can help the unemployed and disadvantaged start-up businesses of their birth through special schemes.In 1999, the government recognised the need to encourage start-ups in disadvantaged companies so the phoenix Fund was set up (Open Forum, 2012). The major objective of this scheme was to encourage investment in brand-new and growing businesses. However, the unemployed population are still being ignored and some of them genuinely want to work but have met with one difficulty or an separate (Open Forum, 2012). The government can help by creating enabling opportunities for people to set up their own businesses at home. They can also set up Enterprise Al pocket-sizedance Schemes which will serve as incentives to th ese entrepreneurs.Furthermore, the government can interfere with the release market place and save failing businesses. However, there are two sides to this coin. On one hand, governments intervention through policies would result in a better controlled trading environment and can stabilise faltering economies. An example of this is the 2008 financial crises when the UK government stepped in to help the large banks and struggling automakers. On the early(a) hand, governments interventions may result in inefficiency such as price floors e. g. EUs Common husbandry Policy which created huge surpluses (excess butter to make a cube of butter with 125m sides) (Debate Org. 2012) Another way the UK government can support business growth is to lighten the burden of taxation and administrative processes required to start up and run a business. The Bolton Committee suggested that taxation policies should reflect the governments encouragement of entrepreneurial activity and improve the mark etability of small businesses i. e. improving the degree to which an asset can be traded in the market without affecting its price (Stokes and Wilson, 2006). The government responded to this suggestion by giving small firms the advantage of benefitting from lower raft tax rates.For example, a company with profits from ? 50,000 to ? 300,000 has a tax rate of 19%. However, once profits gain above this range, they are liable to the full 30% tax rate (UK Legislation, 2012). Similar to all other businesses, even the very small firms are responsible for health and safety on their premise for all workers and customers. For example, The Safety at Work Act (1974) and the Offices, Shops and Railway Premises Act (1963) give employers innate responsibilities ranging from machinery safety to even the temperature of the working environment.Another example is the Disability Discrimination Act (1995) which requires employers to experience steps to ensure disabled employees are not discriminated against. Small firms have experienced major difficulties in following these regulations to the letter. The government can help here by reducing its requirements regarding very small firms and by encouraging their inspectors to increase their cognisantness of smaller firms interests (UK Legislation, 2012). The third way in which the government can support business growth is in the provision of discipline and advice.Of all the factors initiating growth, the most important is luck and the ability to be aware of chance opportunities (Gill, 1985). In 1993, the UK government launched what Stokes and Wilson (2006) refer to as a network of independent local business information and advice centres offering a range of suffices to the business community, designed to enhance the competitiveness of local companies. This network is known as Business Links. The government can develop this initiative by providing online information and military service of processs thereby, reaching a larger range of businesses.However, Office for National Statistics (2008) show that 24% of SMEs lack online presence. Therefore, in addition to providing online information, the government has to encourage these companies to log on to the internet. Business owners and entrepreneurs tend to value advice from experienced business moguls. Therefore, the government can set up business mentoring organisations that will provide practical advice and contacts for other businesses, based on hands-on experience (Department for Business insertion and Skills, 2010).In 1972, on the recommendation of the Bolton Committee, the Small Firms operate (SFS) was set up to provide information through a network of 13 Small Firms Centres (SFCs) however, this service packed up in 1990 due to the irresponsibility and negligence of the management. In spite of the failure of the service in the UK, other governments recognised that if these organisations were successful, the benefits cannot be over-emphasized (Open Forum, 2012). They therefore set up similar schemes e. g. he unify States Small Business Administration, the Australian business services portal of the Department of Industry, Tourism and Resources and the Small Business Directorate in the Ministry of Economic Development in New Zealand (LinkedIn, 2012). Business growth brings improved option prospects through larger market shares, diversification into different markets and greater finance. It also brings an increased feeling of place and power. Most importantly, it enables a firm enjoy economies of carapace. Wikipedia (2012) defines economies of scale as the cost advantages that an enterprise obtains due to expanding upon.The common sources of economies of scale are purchasing bulk buying of materials through long-term contracts, managerial increasing the specialization of managers, financial obtaining lower-interest charges when borrowing from banks and having access to a greater range of financial instruments, marketing dispersal the cost of advertising over a greater range of output in media market and technical taking advantage of returns to scale in the production function. In the 1990s during the Asian economic crises, Tesco saw this as an opportunity to enter the market and once the economies started to recover, they emerged stronger.Today, they are the market leader in Thailand (Floyd, 2011). Whereas growth is encouraged, there are a number of possible problems arising from growth. Firstly, expansion brings pressure on a firms fluidness e. g. as a result of offering additional credit to encourage sales, and on its level of gearing. Also, although growth may have been planned efficiently by managers, they may find that this growth makes the firms various functions or projects more difficult to co-ordinate and to control, and its communication procedures slower.In addition, there is no guarantee that what is universal in the UK market will become equally popular overseas, because of local and national differences (e. g. due to culture). authorisation and co-ordination also become more difficult as a result of international expansion. A costly example of when business growth has been a huge disadvantage to a company is General Motors restrain in the USA (Open Forum, 2012). In conclusion, the three ways in which the UK government can support business growth are by improving access to finance, making information and advice available to people and by lightening tax and administrative load.However, even though accompaniment business growth is essential, it is important that this growth be controlled because even though small firms make less profit than the larger ones and have low chances of surviving in the dynamic world of business, they offer a better and more flexible service to customers and their staff often benefit from high levels of motivation. They are also able to exploit their size and take advantage of the opportunities presented by diseconomies of scale suffered by large firms.Most importantly, they play an important role in ensuring the economic system remains balanced. Reference List * Birchall, N. (2009) Survival of the smallest, Business Review Journal, (Sept 2009), pp. 5-7 * British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) (2012) Dragons Den Online. Available at http//www. bbc. co. uk/programmes/p01009mj (Accessed on 13th October 2012) * Cameron, D. (2011) Is the Government serious about supporting small business? Online. Available at http//goo. gl/l2rBl (Accessed on 13th October 2012) * Debate org. 2012) Should the government intervene with the unacquainted(p) market and save failing businesses? Online. Available at http//www. debate. org/opinions (Accessed on 1st November 2012) * Department for Business Innovation and Skills (2010) Backing small business Online. Available at http//goo. gl/9gGe9 (Accessed on 13th October 2012) * Drucker, P. (1985) Innovation and Entrepreneurship. London Heinemann * Floyd, D. (2011) revisal AS A2 Bu siness Studies. London Letts Educational Ltd. * Gill, J. (1985) Factors affecting the survival and growth of the smaller company.Hants Gower Publishing telephoner Limited * IFC (2012) Helping Attract Investment in Mozambiques Tourism Sector Online. Available at http//goo. gl/wkZqZ (Accessed on 30th October 2012) * LinkedIn (2012) Business Growth Online. Available at http//www. linkedin. com (Accessed on 1st November 2012) * Office for National Statistics (2008) UK Business Statistics Online. Available at http//nationalstatistics. gov. uk (Accessed on 12th October 2012) * Open Forum (2011) Why the Government should help Young Entrepreneurs start business Online. Available at http//goo. l/uYwiZ (Accessed on 13th October 2012) * SME Fund (2012) SME Loan Guarantee Scheme Online. Available at http//www. smefund. tid. gov. hk/english/sgs/sgs_objective. html (Accessed on 30th October 2012) * Stokes, D. and Wilson, N. (2006) Small Business Management Entrepreneurship. London Thomson Learn ing * UK Legislation (2012) Employment and Tax-related Laws Online. Available at http//www. legislation. gov. uk (Accessed on 2nd November 2012) * Wikipedia (2012) Economies of scale Online. Available at http//www. wikipedia. com (Accessed on 4th November 2012)

Grandparent Rights

My First Grandson How numerous of you have grandp arnts that have played an important role in your life? Were they there when you needed them? tally to the Idaho Department of Health and Welf be, there are over 29 thousand children in Idaho alone who are being raised by their grandparents. I am one of those grandparents. On November 21s, 2004 Destin Hardy was born and this is when the bail of grandparents and grandchild began. Destin was 12 months old when his parents decided to move to Washington. It was so hard for me to let him go. I knew however that anytime I wanted to see him I was able to.It was in 2006 when my grandson and my son came down for a visit, they ended up staying with us on a permanent basis. My son was 20 stratums old and was just getting seat on his feet, so I suggested that Destin stay with us until my son had a stable milieu for him to go to. I at this time didnt know the big effect this would have on my life. Another kid was all I could think about. I wa snt worried I wouldnt be able to do it, as I have raised four children of my own. I was truly worried about how to do it. Raising a child in to daylights earthly concern is more difficult than when I was raising my children.Being a grandma and being a mother are two different things. I wanted to spoil him rotten. And as we all know once spoiled, perpetually spoiled. So life began with a spoiled baby. It didnt comprise to long for me to change to the mother means though. My parental instinct took over and all of the skills I had used before came back to me. Destin was so active durationnt at this age. He loved the water and playing ball. I think his favorite thing to do was to jump on the trampoline or was it riding the lawn mower with my wavier (Xavier), as he called him. Even at darkness time he would want to read or color.I placed him in preschool at the age of trey and watched him grow with knowledge. I can remember that e really day I dropped him off he would take my ha nd and show me the parakeets and the big parrot. He had to make sure they knew he was there. While attending preschool, Destin began nurture at a higher level than expected. He was five and graduated with a preschool graduation fleece with special recognitions Outstanding Learner. This was a proud day in grandmas life. guide Destin and talking to him as if he was a mature child helped with his language skills and communication skills.He is a very intelligent young man and knows more than an average child should know at his age. At the age 6 1/2 Destin decided that he wanted to get involved with football bid his uncles. I thought about this long and hard deciding that it wasnt in his best interest. I then decided that Tai Kwon Do would be better for him. He could use a comminuted more self-discipline and balance skills. What a great idea. Destins accomplishments have been great. In one year he graduated 4 belts and received his green belt one month ago.From the day that Destin w as born, to watching him turn into a little man. Destin has brought a great joy to my life. I would never take back a minute of sharing his life with him. I wonder what the future holds for my grandson. I know that with the beneficial guidance and love he will go on to accomplish great things and one day be a great leader and mentor to his children and grandchildren. Bibliography http//healthandwelfare. idaho. gov/Children/EarlyChildhoodInfo/ActiveParenting/tabid/161/ctl/ArticleView/mid/1373/articleId/583/Grandparents-Raising (U. S Census Bureau, 2005-2009)

A Report on the Economic Recovery in Britain in the 1930s

A report on the economic recovery in Britain in the 1930s In the 1930s Britains workers was experiencing signs of affluence. All this extra money was due to the living standard going up by 15 pct. This meant the money didnt come from wages being increased but the follow of living decreased. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) The affluence also came from the gross domestic product rate. In 1922 to 1938 the rate rose to the average of 2. 1 percent per annum. The rates were a lot better than the old age before the war which were at 1. 1 percent in 1900 to 1913.However, growth rates were very exchangeable to the rates of the second half of the nineteenth century this rate was at 2 percent in the 1856 to 1899. In the 1930s, the rate grew faster than the 1920s as between 1932 and 1937 the rate nearly rose to 4 percent per annum. This mean that Britain held her place and held on her own in the thirties which meant Britain picked herself up compared to the twenties when she woolly her place. H ousing Act The accommodate boom was just one of the ways that the affluence affected Britain. The housing act was also evidence of the affluence which could be seen for it.By 1939 one in three families were living in houses which were built since 1929. Between both wars a massive four million houses were built. However, nearly half of the houses were built by private developments. The private developments were growing mainly in the south east. All the houses were built with a new standard of living, even the other half of the houses built, which were council houses. The council houses were put up for rent. As all houses had a new standard of living, the fitments included baths, hot water and proper kitchen. Particularly in the private sector, the houses came to found the new suburbs.Each home would also have a garden of a decent size and quality. take Vehicles Motor vehicles were just one of the industries which led the way. This was even included in a new pass of industries th at emerged and played an important part in the growth of Britain. In fact in 1924 USA was the humanss main manufacturer by a wide margin. France was Europes largest producer with 145,000 vehicles, going away Britain trailing along second with the 116,000 vehicles being produced. However, by 1937 British fruit had tripled to 379,000 and Britain took the lead in Europe, followed by Germany with 277,000.Oxford (Morris) and Birmingham (Austin) were the main manufacturing centres. Electrical engineering Electrical engineering grew at between 4 and 5 percent per annum throughout the inter-war period. Electrical engineering was just another new industry for Britain. In the 1930s electrical energy consumption increased by 70 percent per head. This was fire to the creation of the central electricity mount up in 1926 and the national grid. Both of these electricity supplies gave a boost to the industry. Britain and France led Europe and USA wasnt far behind.Examples of the increase of cons umption were that in 1919 there were 730,000 consumers and then in 1938 the number of consumers grew to nine million. otherwise developments grew and reflected the fact that more and more people were spending money, which meant they had money. Most towns would have their own Woolworths and Marks and Spencers and new magazines like Womans Own in 1932. These new magazines appeared which included features on dress and consumer durables. Wireless industry Wireless manufacturers created the British Broadcasting Corporation which is now cognise as the BBC in 1922.This was to provide programs that would encourage people to buy their products and spend. The BBC became part of the government charter which then started to be financed by a license fee in 1927. The BBC broadcasted to most areas of Britain but they were focused in Daventry in a radio station in 1925. By 1938 around 2 million radios were sold each year. This was known as wireless. The price had decreased from ? 30 in 1920 to a round ? 7. Other electrical goods which found a mass market were vacuum cleaners and electric irons. Entertainment The cinema took the entertainment industry by a storm. In 1934 there were 4300 cinemas in Britain. 0 million people per week were attending the brings on through the weeks. Audiences were huge, some cinemas were able to seat 1000 people, and some were as big as 4000 seats. The large cinemas were based in Glasgow and Croydon. The four biggest companies which controlled the marker by the 1930s were Gaumont-British, the Associated British Picture Corporation, Odeon and Granda. Even though there was a British industry, American films were preferred. This was because Hollywood had already dominated the worlds film industry and audience surveys usually showed that American films were preferred.Even the laid-off could afford to go to the cinema as the tickets were so cheap. 80 percent of the unemployed youth of Liverpool and Glasgow went to the cinema at least once a week. An unemployed Londoner told a researcher in 1932, The pictures (cinema) are my first choice because they make you think for a bitty while that life is alright. At least 14 percent of British industrial production in 1924 had been accounted for by these new industries. This proportion increased to 20 percent by 1935. The proportion of the raw material industries in the same period had decreased from 37 percent to 28 percent.

How does Macbeth’s and Lady Macbeth’s relationship change throughout the course of the play? Essay

Witches nowadays are go ton as a bit of a joke and a laugh since they are used for entertainment same in the Harry Potter novels, or when it is Halloween and children (and some generation even adults) dress up as witches for fun or for trick and treating. Overall, Witches in modern times are not detractn seriously exclusively people were a lot much irrational back when Queen Elizabeth I reigned as Queen of England people in those times had a legitimate fear and belief of witches. Their superstition was the product of the churchs teachings, yet, when Queen Elizabeth died and the new fagot crowd I of England and Scotland, succeeded to the throne he was someone who was both obsessed and intrigued by witches.This new King was fascinated by the subject, a fact that William Shakespeare had to take on board. Shakespeare had to impress King James in frame to enter his good books and keep his high status and wealth. This is because William Shakespeare was Queen Elizabeths official p laywright and when she died, he risked losing his living and high social status. By using his playwrights talents, some background seek on the Kings ancestors and his fascination of witches to his advantage, he created his infamous play, Macbeth, which captured King James attention and unploughed Shakespeare as the official playwright.Macbeth was a successful soldier in the army of King Duncan. After the battle, Macbeth meets trio witches who tell him that he is to become Thane of Cawdor and King. As p guile of the same pretendion, the Witches predict that future Kings exit be descended not from Macbeth but from his fellow army captain, Banquo. (First Witch) All applaud Macbeth, hail to thee Thane of Glamis. (Second Witch) All hail Macbeth, hail to thee Thane of Cawdor. (Third Witch) All hail Macbeth, that shalt be King hither later. Banquo also receives a prophecy from the witches, Thou shalt function kings, though thou be none. Shortly after, Macbeth receives news that Ki ng Duncan has honoured him with the title, Thane of Cawdor. Although initially prepared to restrain for fate to take its course, Macbeth is ambitious and sudden confusion arises when King Duncan nominates his son Malcolm as his heir. Macbeth is tempted and writes to his wife grownup her the news. skirt Macbeth, upon audition Macbeths promotion, calls upon evil spirits to help them achieve greatness she dabbles with the dark arts and performs witchcraft in order to help her and her husband make the witches prophecies come admittedly. It is here that we see gentlewoman Macbeths true colours, it shows us that she is the much ambitious of the two as she has immediately taken steps to fulfill the prophecy and that she is the one who is more dominant in her actions. Glamis thou art, and Cawdor, and shalt be what thou art promisd yet do I fear thy nature, it is too salutary o th take out of humane kindness, to catch the nearest way. (Act 1, Scene 5) Returning to his castle, Macbe ths ambitious wife, maam Macbeth, tells her husband of her broadcast to execution of instrument Duncan and persuades Macbeth. It is here that we see the status of their relationship and realize that Lady Macbeth is wearing the trousers in this relationship. She is in control and can easily manipulate her husband.Macbeth realises that the murder of the king is the quickest way to achieve the dowery that her husband had been promised and when King Duncan pays a royal visit to Macbeths castle, Lady Macbeth sees this as the perfect hazard to bring the prophecy to life. It is here that we see the dramatic irony take place. Both Macbeth, Lady Macbeth and the consultation know that King Duncan will die once he stays over at Macbeths, but King Duncan himself does not know that his fate has been sealed. Here, we see the couple call each some other endearments, for example, Macbeth calls Lady Macbeth My dearest love (Act 1, Scene 5), which suggests that they are a loving couple but at number one Macbeth hesitates about killing King Duncan and Lady Macbeth is outraged, she takes control and scolds him, prevailing upon him again and again, which shows us she pushes and blackmails him revealing the positions in their relationship.She questions his manhood, When you durst do it, she says, then you were a man. Lady Macbeth wins out, she drugs the guards of the kings bedchamber then, at a given signal, Macbeth ascends to the Kings room and murders him while he sleeps. Lady Macbeth says she could not have killed King Duncan because he resembled her father, a figure which Lady Macbeth loved and cared for. Had he not resembled My father as he slept, I had donet. Haunted by what he has done, Macbeth is once more scolded by his wife. It is here that we see Macbeth weaken and Lady Macbeth take almost complete control of their relationship. Suddenly, both are affright by a loud knocking at the castle door, but again, it is Lady Macbeth who takes control.The drunken gatekeep er of Macbeths castle opens the door to Macduff, a loyal follower of the king, who has been asked to awaken Duncan in preparation for the perish journey. Macbeth, concealing the bloody truth, signals the location of the Kings room and Macduff heads towards it. He discovered the Kings body. When the murder is revealed, Macbeth kills the prime witnesses, the sleepy guards of the kings bedchamber, and Lady Macbeth faints. The lords of Scotland present, including Macbeth, swear to avenge the murder. The Kings two sons flee in fear that they might be next, and this action raises suspicion that they might be the culprits. Donalbain flees to Ireland and Malcolm flees to raise an army in England.Macbeth is crowned the new king of Scotland, but, because of Banquos knowledge of the witches prophecy, Macbeth sees no other choice but to kill his friend, Banquo and his son Fleance, as he will be the successor after Macbeth. They both pose a threat to Macbeth but Macbeth does not tell Lady Macb eth of his plans this time, this shows he tacit cares for her and does not want her hands to be covered in blood anymore, and so taking on a more dominant percentage in their relationship. The hired murderers kill Banquo but Fleance escapes. At a banquet that night, Macbeth sees Banquos ghost at the dinner table and the audience see Macbeth weaken greatly as the ghost appears.Again, his wife tries to strengthen Macbeth. We see Lady Macbeth showing some of her irritation towards Macbeth, she is authentically worried about him as she cannot see what he can and is trying to calm him, but on the other hand, she is also scolding him, desperate to save her neck and his, as she is trying to stop him from confessing Duncans murder. O proper stuff This is the very painting of your fear This is the air-drawn dagger which you s uphold Led you to Duncan. O, these flaws and starts (Imposters to true fear) would well become A womans story, at a winters ignition Authorizd by her grandma shame itself, Why do you make such faces? When alls done You look but on a stool. (Act 3, Scene 4).In the next moving picture, Macbeth returns to the Witches. The Witches not totally confirm that the sons of Banquo will rule in Scotland, but they also add a new prophecy Macbeth will be invincible in battle until the time when the forest of Birnam moves towards his stronghold at Dunsinane, Macbeth shall neer be vanquishd be, until Great Birnam Wood, to high Dunsinane Hill Shall come against him. (Act 4, Scene 1). They also predict that no man born of a woman shall hurt Macbeth, Be bloody, bold and resolute antic to scorn The power of man for none of woman born shall harm Macbeth. (Act 4, Scene 1). Ignoring both of these predictions because he thought they were nonsense, Macbeth prepares for invasion.When he is told that Macduff has deserted him, Macbeth begins the final stage of his tragic descent. His first move is the destruction of Macduffs family his wife and children. In England, Macduff receives the news at the very moment that he swears his allegiance to the young Malcolm. Malcolm persuades him that the murder of his family should act as the spur to revenge, Be comforted. Lets make medicines of our great revenge, To cure this insidious grief.Meanwhile, in Scotland, Lady Macbeth has been taken ill She walks in her sleep and seems to recall, in fragmentary memories, the details of the murder. It is here that she has no control over their relationship, moreover, her own sanity. Macbeth hears of her sanity deteriorating, yet he does not sound like he cares in the slightest, he sounds cold, emotionless, all he does is tell the doctor to Cleanse the stuffd bosom, of that perilous stuff Which weighs upon the heart. In the end, she eventually falls to her death from the castles battlements. We do not know whether it was her insanity that caused her suicide, or the evil spirits that consumed her soul.Macbeth hears her scream, as he is informed of Lady Macbeths de ath, he acts as if he doesnt care, he cold-heartedly said she should have died hereafter, his computer address is pessimistic and full of despair which spells the end of their once loving relationship. Malcolms attacking army is advancing while Macbeths defenses are preparing. When Malcolms army disguise themselves with sawn-off branches from Birnam Wood, Macbeth sees what appears to be a timber moving towards his stronghold at Dunsinane. When he finally meets Macduff in single combat, his sworn enemy reveals that he came into the world by caesarean section he was not, precisely speaking, of woman born, (Act 4, Scene 1). On hearing this news, Macbeth rejects one final time the Witches prophecy. With a loud cry, he launches himself at Macduff and is slain thus revealing the final building to this tragedy. In the final scene, Malcolm is crowned as the new king of Scotland, to the foretell of all.At first, Macbeth had a casual, loving relationship with Lady Macbeth. However, both t heir ambitions led them astray. Firstly, the relationship began to change when Macbeth became more dominant. This was when he ordered Banquo and his son Fleance murdered. Be innocent of the knowledge, dearest chuck, by saying this, not only is Macbeth protect his wife, he is also taking on a more dominant role in their relationship. Clearly, he still loves his wife as he is protecting her. However, there is another twist in their marriage. In act 3 scene 4, we see the appearance of Banquos ghost at the banquet which only Macbeth can see, because of this Macbeth is reduced to a weak, helpless man. Meanwhile, his wife, un sure as shooting of what is going on, appears to be sure footed and most definitely stronger than her husband. She scolds him and questions his manhood, Are you a man?Drawing to the end of the play, we see Macbeth take control again, while Lady Macbeth is belatedly deteriorating along with her relationship to Macbeth, her mind is flooded with unrighteousness and pa ranoia. We see the end of their relationship when Lady Macbeth falls off the battlements of the castle to her death. We do not know whether it was her guilt that caused her to commit suicide, or the evil spirits consuming her soul and driving her to die. Macbeth feels no emotion upon hearing of her death instead he says life is meaningless and has no purpose, is a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, Signifying nothing. This is the end of their relationship.The audience initially has a good impression of their relationship. They called each other endearments and protect each other. In act 3, scene 2, we see Macbeth protecting his wife from finding out the bloody truth, even though he had performed evil deeds, the audience wouldve thought of him as a good somebody or a loving husband beneath the blood stained ambition. In act 1, scene 5 however, Lady Macbeth reveals her true colours by calling forth evil spirits to aid her ambition to kill Duncan. Also, in act 4, scene 1, we see Macbeths true colours when he meets the witches for help. The audience now sees him as too deep in the blood for him to carry on, his time will come. When Lady Macbeth dies, he shows coldness, which creates hatred from the audience towards Macbeth. Indeed, his time comes, when he faces Macduff, and is slain. The audience now sees the classic success over evil, performed by the good.In conclusion, Macbeths relationship with lady Macbeth slowly deteriorates throughout the course of the play, it seems that the more blood drenched onto Macbeths hand, the more dominant he grew and this weakened Lady Macbeths noetic state. The audience sees them as a loving couple at first, calling each other endearments protecting each other, but their actions caught up with them, and they faced the consequences of meddling with the evil spirits. Their relationship is like a candle, slowly burning, burning through the wax, slowly deteriorating, until there is nothing left.

Formative and Summative Assessment Essay

judicial decision is a term that includes all told of the various methods used to picture the extent of an singulars accomplishment. In t for each oneing and development situation, judging refers to the methods used to determine handment of attainment outcomes. Similarly in professional contexts, sagacity is concerned with the achievement of professional types or competence.(Aranda & Yates,2009).Assessment also provides a number of major benefits including Grading prisement may be used to takeersink achievement and to measure the students prep atomic number 18dness for professional challenges. Motivation sound judgment may focus on literal learning by creating an opportunity that carries with it the rewards of completion or grades. learning touch assessment activities move manoeuvre individuals to learn and relearn subject content efficiently. Feedback assessment provides opportunities for individuals to monitor the quality of their work outance and identify ar gonas for improvement. calculate OF judicial decisionIt is easy to become so immersed in the job of education that we lose sight the demand purpose of a assessment. There is consequently the possibility that we atomic number 18 overlooking a nonher form of assessment which might be more appropriate. We actually assess students for quite a range of different reasons motivation, creating learning opportunities, to give feedback (to twain students and staff), to grade, and as a quality assurance mechanism (both for internal and external systems).Because all too often we do not disentangle these functions of assessment, without having really thought it through assessments atomic number 18 a great deal trying to do all these things, to varyingdegrees.(Oxford Brookes University,2011).In fact it is arguable that while it is desirable for assessments concussion the first three of these functions to be conducted as often as possible, the final two do not need to be done anywhere ne ar so frequently it is simply important that they are done somewhere.The implications of this are that while an essay question, where all the answers are double marked and the marks count towards the students final grades, may fulfil all these functions, for all assessments to be this rigorous would be prohibitively valuable in staff time, while a peer-assessed seminar presentation, which does not count towards the students final grades but is simply a course requirement, could fulfil the first three functions and may not even require a instill to be present.FORMATIVE ASSESSMENTFormative assessment is typically contrasted with additive assessment. The former supports teachers and students in decision-making during educational and learning processes, while the latter occurs at the end of a learning unit and determines if the content creation taught was retained.(Wikipedia,2013). Formative assessment is not distinguished by the format of assessment, but by how the information is u sed. The aforesaid(prenominal) test may act as either formative or summative. However, some methods of assessment are better suited to one or the premature(a) purpose.CHARACTERISTICS OF FORMATIVE ASSESSMENTDuring formative assessment, learning is the dual-lane goal of both teacher and student and alterations to the teaching and learning process take place as needed to except the goal. This allows both the teacher and the student the opportunity for assessment and improvement as an on-going process instead of an end product. Formative assessments are assessments for learning, rather than assessments of learning, according to the Association for Supervision and plan Development.FocusedFormative assessments are focused on the learning process as well as the learning progress. While other assessments may only focus on the end result, formative assessments note the students progress consistently so that adjustments contribute be made to reach learning goals.ongoingA formative as sessment is consistent and ongoing throughout the learning process. It differs from assessments that focus on the end result. Ongoing assessments give both teachers and students the chance to blade adjustments to teaching and learning strategies so learning ultimately takes place. promptWhile other forms of assessment focus on the end result, formative assessments provide immediate feedback to both teachers and students due to ongoing assessment practices. The immediate feedback teachers and students experience can be used to motivate and further learning.LIMITATIONS OF FORMATIVE ASSESSMENTSAlthough offering many benefits, effective formative assessment can be difficult to achieve at scale. It may be logistically impossible to provide detailed descriptive feedback for each student in a large class. Even with a smaller number of students to deal with, formative assessment is long as it requires significant, ongoing dedication and effort from the teacher to sustain. This is especia lly true when combined with the summative assessments teachers are required to complete.The layered accountability chain in education student to teacher, teacher to school, school to district, and so on creates systemic pressure for student performance to be objectively and comparatively measurable at each level. Formative assessment, by definition, doesnt easily provide that kind of accountability. This explains why, although the advantages of formative assessment have been repeatedly articulated since the distinction between it and summative assessment was first made in 1967, empirical studies keep back to show that very few teachers consistently make use of it in actual practice.SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENTSummative assessment measures attainment and allows for the recording of the learning progress. It usually takes the form of tests and examinations, though it is becoming progressively common for summative assessment to include other tasks such as a project finish during the scho ol year. This move away from assessments based on a single examination gives learners the opportunity to perform to the surpass of their ability. Not all learners perform well under examination pressure. Furthermore,examinations do not constantly lend themselves to eliciting the range of language structures and uses that have been the objective of teachingCHARACTERISTICS OF SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENTThe results of summative assessment allow us to determine the degree to which learners have attained specific learning objectives. Such a decision may have an important consequence on learners future prospects. It is therefore crucial that not only is the assessment valid, but that the results obtained are reliable.Validity relates to whether the assessment tasks assess what they intend to assess. Reliability, on the other hand, refers to the results obtained and whether these would be the same if the same learners took the assessment on another occasion provided that no further learning had taken place and regardless of who marked the assessment if more than one person was involved in the process.(Summative assessment,2005).Whether summative assessment is norm-or criterion-referenced will be determined by the purpose of the assessment. If we need to select the outperform candidates to, for example, continue with their education, then norm-referencing would be appropriate. However, if we are interested in whether candidates have mastered certain skills, then we would not get the required information through norm-referencing.(Meason)For example, when assessing airline pilots we are interested in whether they can fly a plane safely to a very high level of proficiency. Knowing which trainees were the best would not suffice since it is possible that no trainee of a given group would have reached the required standard to safely fly a planeLIMITATIONS OF SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENTStudents can face anxiety in preparation for a test, an anxiety that grows as the perception of the t ests significance grows. Summative tests declare oneself schools to commit to prolonged pretesting procedures and preparation classes, which can increase student anxiety.(Spiral). In addition, some students simply do not test well, and the result is a testing procedure that fails to adequately assess the real talents of individual students, while a formative assessment would allow a teacher to evaluate these conditions and better assess a students ability Summative assessments fan have an overall negative jounce on student egoism, resulting from the perception of inferiority that standardized tests can give test-takers.Students who perform poorly on standardized tests were found to suffer from lower self-esteem in situations where these same students had not previously exhibited signs of self-esteem problems.(Boggiano,1992). Even students who perform average or well on standardized tests can suffer from the mishap to meet their own higher expectations. The result can be a reduct ion in educational motivation.(Hammond).EXAMPLES OF FORMATIVE AND SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT FROM TEACHING AND LEARNING PERSPECTIVECONCLUSIONIn my view,both types of assessments are better,that is a balanced assessment.A balanced assessment system in one in which a variety of assessments are used for a variety of purposes and communications about results facilitates student involvement and ownership of learning.Formative assessment can be vital importance in helping the teacher and students determine the quality of learning that is winning place and can allow them to forecast the results of summative tests some time in advance of the summative testing.Such results can be used as the basis for altering the teaching learning situation early enough to change the immediate as well as alter the forecast.Learning is a process which can be observed and evaluated as it is taking place.Formative evaluation can be used to make the process more effective long sooner the summative evaluation.Recogn ition ofthe interaction among formative evaluation teaching and learning and summative evaluation can do much to improve teaching and learning before it is too late.REFERENCESAranda S,Yates P.An Overview of assessment.Canberra (EdCaN),Australia(2009).Retrieved from www.edcan.org/pdf/edCanOverview.pdfBoggiano A,Pittman T. Achievement and Motivation A Social-Developmental Perspective.(Eds).(1992).Cambridge Press.New York.Hammond,K.eHow.Education.Summative assessment weaknesses.Retrieved from http//www.ehow.com/info_8568251_summative-assessment-weaknesses.htmlMeason C.eHow.Education.Characteristics of Formative assessment.Retrieved from http//www.ehow.com/list_6732311_characteristics-formative-assessment.htmlOxford Brookes University.(2011).Purpose of Assessment.Retrieved from www.brookes.ac.uk/services/ocsld/resources/assessment/purposes.htmSpira M.eHow.Education.Disadvantages of Formative Assessment.Retrieved from http//www.ehow.com/info_8502289_advantages-disadvantages-formative-ass essment.htmlStiggins,R.,Arter,J.,Chappuis,S.(2008).Classroom assessment for student learning.Educational Testing Service.Retrieved from http//www.bcsd.org/district.cfm?subpage=55380Summative assessment.(2005).Retrieved fromhttp//cd1.edb.hkedcity.net/cd/eng/tba_eng_sec/web/3_1w.htmSpira M.eHow.Education.Disadvantages of Formative Assessment.Retrieved from http//www.ehow.com/info_8502289_advantages-disadvantages-formative-assessmen