Ethics, Fairness, and Trust in Negotiations Essay

Discuss two of the following statements then respond to at least two of your classmates postings. Try to respond to students who picked dissimilar statements. * Discuss how skills in ethics, integrity, and trust can be a part of the negotiation process even though some negotiation tactics dispute those values. * Identify the Five Bases for Trust and explain why they are important in the negotiation process. Describe Kants ethics of Principle and poor boys Ethics of Consequences philosophies and discuss which theory you would be more incline to use in a negotiating situation.Kants and Mills philosophies are a nitty-gritty to identify ethical means to guide parties to a successful negotiation. They are two separate school of thoughts in ethics. Kant believes that moral rightness should overcome and derogate self-interest, feelings, or empirical fact. Kants moral prescript is based on pure reason. He states that basic ethical principles arent empirical (from sense experience). Ethics gives necessary truths that hold for all rational beings. In other words feelings whether personal, rational or irrational or sentimental should not be winding in ethical reasoning.He believes that ethics based on reason is needed more than self-interest motivation because such motivation can go by to violation of duty. Such motives lessen our moral worth the highest motive is to do our duty, not from ulterior motives, but just because its the right thing to do. Kant unconditional moral principle is to act as if your action would become a universal law and to kickshaw yourself and others as an cobblers last it itself not the means to an end (Gensler, 1998).On the other side, Mills philosophy is based on pure utilitarianism (self-interest). Utilitarianism says that the basic moral principle is that we should to do whatever promotes the sterling(prenominal) comfort of the greatest number. Mill equated cheer with pleasure. But not all pleasures have equal value higher pl easures of the mind are better than lower pleasures of the body. Mills view is purely hedonistic in nature. The basic base of his philosophy is that any intrinsic value is based on pleasure which equalsto happiness and we should all strive for it. There are however different values of pleasures in his view. The highest pleasures are more valuable than lower ones.For example, the pleasures of learning things and of helping others are more valuable than the pleasures of eating and drinking. We can decide which pleasures are more valuable by looking to the consensus of experienced observers. Utilitarianism says that actions are right if they promote the greatest happiness for the greatest number. This is the basic principle of ethics of Mills philosophy, and the foundation of morality. In applying the principle, the happiness of everyone is equal. We should all strive for our own individual happiness. So, as a group, we try to obtain the happiness of all in the group and this is the b asic foundation of the utilitarian principle (Gensler, 1998).The two individual principles are equation attractive in the negotiation process and I can moot the benefits of both of them. However, I believe that Kant had the right idea. If we are using either idea as a guide in the negotiation it is best to go for a more moralistic point of view than utilitarianism. I believe when we unless think of self interests we lose sight of the true objective and purpose of the negotiation.SourceGensler, H.J. (1998). Ethics A Contemporary Introduction. London and New York Routledge. Retrieve online at http//www.jcu.edu/philosophy/gensler/index.htm.Discuss the Functionalist Model, Mutual Trust Principle, and the test for meeting procedural fairness of a negotiation.The Functionalist Model is about procedural fairness in a negotiation. The model refers to the bargaining as a voluntary process and the purpose is to reach an agreement. Also, the concept of the model refers to behaviors that thre aten reaching an agreement are to a fault threats to the purpose of the negotiation. In this the negotiation process is adversarial and bargaining tricks and tactics are used to gain information and advantages (Carrell, 2008).The Mutual Trust Principle refers to the procedural fairness in trust building in a negotiation. The idea is to build trust early in the beginning of the negation process. In other word to treat others as you would want to be treated. Your actions speak louder than word has a lasting effect on how you are perceived and how you perceived others. The grab behaviors in this principle to build trust is exhibits the same trust worthy attitude when you are gathering information about the other party by asking friends, associates, and contacts.It is appropriate and expected that you would make an unrealistically opening demand and hide your real position. It would be appropriate and expected behavior that you give an open impression of non-adversarial and confrontati onal. The misrepresentation of facts and lying in a negotiation are inappropriate behaviors. To falsely threaten or promise things with no ability to deliver and use clandestine information by bribery is unfair and inappropriate (Carrell, 2008).The test for meeting procedural fairness of a negotiation is to ask yourself the following standard questions * reciprocality standardwould you want to be treated in this commission? * Universality standardwould you advise others to behave this way? * Publicity standardwould you like to see the actions in the press? * Trusted friend standardwould you tell your friend of your actions? * Legacy standarddo you want to be remembered for acting in this way?SourceCarrell, M.R. & Heavrin, C. (2008). Negotiating essentials Theory, skills, and practices. Upper Saddle, NJ Pearson Prentice Hall. ISBN-10 978-0-13-186866-3